dark-attentiondark-datedark-timedark-contactdark-infodark-play dark-pricedark-venueicon-alert icon-arrow-left icon-arrow-right icon-blockquote icon-bluesky--dark_circle icon-bluesky--dark_square icon-bluesky--outline_circle icon-bluesky--outline_square icon-bluesky icon-cal icon-clock icon-contact UI / Full-Part-Volunteer CopyCreated with Sketch. EPS IconCreated with Sketch. icon-facebook--dark_circle icon-facebook--dark_square icon-facebook--outline_circle icon-facebook--outline_square icon-facebookCreated with Sketch. icon-htm icon-info icon-instagram--dark_circle icon-instagram--dark_square icon-instagram--outline_circle icon-instagram--outline_square icon-instagram icon-linkedin--dark_circle icon-linkedin--dark_squareicon-linkedin--outline_circleicon-linkedin--outline_squareicon-linkedin icon-logo2 icon-mp3 icon-pinterest--dark_circle icon-pinterest--dark_square icon-pinterest--outline_circle icon-pinterest--outline_square icon-pinterestCreated with Sketch. icon-play icon-price icon-spotify--dark_circle icon-spotify--dark_square icon-spotify--outline_circle icon-spotify--outline_square icon-spotify icon-spreadsheet icon-threads--dark_circle icon-threads--dark_square icon-threads--outline_circle icon-threads--outline_square icon-threads icon-tiktok--dark_circle icon-tiktok--dark_square icon-tiktok--outline_circle icon-tiktok--outline_square icon-tiktok icon-twitter--dark_circle icon-twitter--dark_square icon-twitter--outline_circle icon-twitter--outline_square icon-twitterCreated with Sketch. icon-x--dark_circle icon-x--dark_square icon-x--outline_circle icon-x--outline_square icon-x icon-youtube--dark_circle icon-youtube--dark_square icon-youtube--outline_circle icon-youtube--outline_square icon-youtubeCreated with Sketch. FolderCreated with Sketch. icon-zoom light-attentionlight-cal light-clocklight-contactlight-infolight-play light-pricelight-venue

Program Note: Fauré’s Requiem

Gabriel Fauré

(1845–1924)

Requiem, Op. 48

Fauré’s creation of his beloved Requiem spanned almost a quarter of a century. Beginning first with a sole movement, Libera me, that he wrote in 1877, it took him another decade to add five more movements, and then another five years to write the last movement. In that 1893 version, the work was scored for a small orchestra without woodwinds or a full violin section, and it received scant attention until around 1900 when a publisher friend persuaded Fauré to re-score his Requiem for full orchestra. This 1900 version of the Requiem (which we hear tonight) soon rocketed to international attention, and Fauré, who had been little known outside of France, found his first global fame. Perhaps the Requiem’s most beguiling trait is its disarming tenderness in tone, which Fauré acknowledged and explained in an interview in 1902: “… people have said [my Requiem] did not express the terror of death, someone called it a lullaby of death. But that is how I feel death: a happy deliverance, a yearning for the happiness of the beyond, rather than as a distressing transition.”

Here are some of the Requiem’s highlights:

Though beginning in darkness and shadows, Fauré’s music is not about gloom so much as bittersweetness. Listen for the Kyrie’s imaginative beginning, where the counterpoint between the violas and organ trade phrases with the choir, creating a beautiful rocking effect.

In its peaceful supplication, the Baritone solo in Offertorium is one of Fauré’s great melodies. Listen at the end for the richly harmonized, sweetly pining “Amen” sequence.

In the third movement, over undulating harp and violas, the sopranos float and are then echoed by the tenors and basses. Here, the male voices are accompanied by a countermelody in the violins which create the feeling of an updraft, spiriting aloft the voices’ prayer.

In the fourth movement, out of the stillness, the lone Soprano humbly beseeches the Divine with an ethereal, soaring beauty. An enchanting moment then arises when, after the Soprano’s first solo phrase, the harp plays in octaves, creating a sense of a great, mysterious expanse.

The violins play a rather carefree theme in the fifth movement, busy with gentle rhythms, above which the choir sings in simple, grand sweeps upwards and downwards. Everything changes when the choir sings “Lux aeterna …” Here, as if glimpsing the wonders of eternal bliss for the first time in the soul’s new journey, Fauré begins an exquisite cascade of chromatically changing harmonies.

In Libera me, Fauré deviated from the typical Requiem Mass by eliminating the harsh terrors of the Dies irae (Day of wrath) texts. Nonetheless, over a motoric pulse in the low strings and organ, the Baritone’s dramatic solo is one of the most trenchant moments in the work.

The organ, later joined by harp, provide quietly stirring sounds in the final movement, above which arc the sopranos. The music floats above the stratosphere and into the infinite beauty. This is Paradise, creating a weightless ending to Fauré’s masterful musical journey.

© Max Derrickson

Text & Translations

Original Latin Text

1. Introit et Kyrie

Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine, et lux perpetua luceat eis.
Te decet hymnus, Deus, in Sion, et tibi reddetur votum in Jerusalem.
Exaudi orationem meam, ad te omnis caro veniet.

Kyrie eleison.
Christe eleison.
Kyrie eleison.

2. Offertoire

O Domine Jesu Christe, Rex gloriae, libera animas defunctorum de poenis inferni et de profundo lacu, de ore leonis, ne absorbeat tartarus ne cadant in obscurum.

Hostias et preces tibi, Domine laudis offerimus:
tu suscipe pro animabus illis, quarum hodie memoriam facimus.
Fac eas, Domine, de morte transire ad vitam, quam olim Abrahae promisisti et semini ejus. Amen.

3. Sanctus

Sanctus, sanctus, sanctus, Dominus Deus Sabaoth.
Pleni sunt coeli et terra Gloria tua
Hosanna in excelsis.

4. Pie Jesu

Pie Jesu Domine, dona eis requiem; dona eis sempiternam requiem

5. Agnus Dei

Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, dona eis requiem, sempiternam requiem.
Lux aeterna luceat eis, Domine, cum sanctis tuis in aeternam, quia pius es.
Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine, et lux perpetua luceat eis.

6. Libera Me

Libera me, Domine, de morte aeterna in die illa tremenda quando coeli movendi sunt et terra, dum veneris judicare saeculum per ignem.
Tremens factus sum ego et timeo, dum discussio venerit, atque ventura ira.
Dies illa, dies irae, calamitatis et miseriae, dies illa, dies magna et amara valde.
Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine, et lux perpetua luceat eis.

7. In Paradisum

In paradisum deducant angeli; in tuo adventu suscipant te martyres et perducant te in civitatem sanctam Jerusalem.
Chorus angelorum te suscipiat, et cum Lazaro, quondam paupere, aeternam habeas requiem.

English Translation

1. Introit et Kyrie

Rest eternal grant them, Lord, and may light perpetual shine on them,
A hymn becomes You, God, in Zion, and to you may be paid a vow in Jerusalem.
Hear my prayer, to You all flesh shall come.

Lord have mercy.
Christ have mercy.
Lord have mercy.

2. Offertoire

O Lord Jesus Christ, King of glory, deliver the souls of the departed from the punishment of hell and from the deep pit, from the mouth of the lion, nor may they be absorbed by hell, nor may they fall into darkness.

Sacrifice and prayer to You, Lord, in praise we offer:
receive for those souls whom today we commemorate.
Allow them, Lord, to pass from death to life, which once to Abraham You promised and to his seed. Amen.

3. Sanctus

Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of hosts.
Full are the heavens and the earth of your glory.
Hosanna in the highest

4. Pie Jesu

Blessed Lord Jesus, grant them rest; grant them everlasting rest.

5. Agnus Dei

Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world, grant them rest, everlasting rest.
Light eternal—may it shine on them, Lord, with your saints in eternity, You who are merciful.
Rest eternal grant them, Lord, and light perpetual—may it shine on them.

6. Libera Me

Deliver me, Lord, from death eternal in that terrible day, when the heavens shall be moved and the earth, when You shall come to judge the world by fire.
With trembling I am seized and with fear, until the trial to come, also the coming wrath.
That day, day of wrath, calamity and misery, that day, great day and exceedingly bitter.
Rest eternal grant them, Lord, and light perpetual—may it shine on them.

7. In Paradisum

To paradise may the angels lead you; at your coming may the martyrs receive you and bring you to the holy city, Jerusalem.
May the angel chorus receive you and with Lazarus, once a pauper, eternally may you have rest.